Improvement in equalizers of spring-power



2Sheets--Sheet1. l. W. H. DUUB'LER.`

Equalizer of SpringPowsr.

N0- ISJZQ' Patenied Oct. Il, 1875.

N.PETRS, PKOTULITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D. C.

Y 2Sheets--Sheet-2. l. W. H. DUUBLER.

r Equalizer f Spring Power. No.'|68,729.

Patented Oct. 11, N875.

ymyw l @MMM 7 f j y fMY/m@ N.PETEHS. PHOTO-UTHOGRAPNER, WASHINGTON, D C.

UNITED STATES JOHN W. H. DOUBLER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF` PATENT QEEIOE.

ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO GEORGE F. GODLEY, OESAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN EQUVALlZERS OF SPRING-POWER.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 168,729, dated October 11, 187,5; application filed September 27,1875.

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. H. DOUBLER, of the city and countyof Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improved Equalizer of Spring-Power; andI do hereby declare that `the following,'taken in connection with the drawings which accompany and form part of this specification, is a motion of the mechanism driven by the springpower from the commencement vto the close ofy its action. Y

To this end my invention consists in a novel i construction of the Winding-drum employed,

in connection with a novel construction of fusee; in animproved andmore compact arrangement ot' the sprmgsand of their cord `and pulleys, whereby the number of springs may be increased and made more efficient, and the power orduration of power increased Without the necessity of` enlarging the frame or case 5 in combining with the mechanism a lock-bar to engage With and lock the gear in casethe cord breaks; in a ypeculiar construc-V tion of the pulleyT frames or slides, whereby they shall, While running, preserve their proper y level positions, and not be liable to tilt to an angling position, land so bind and cause friction; and in other details hereinafter stated.

Premising that my invention is designed for use in driving sewing-machines, power-presses, churns, lathes, `jig ;,-saws, street-cars, Ste., and, in 4fact, `Wherever a motor is 'wanted,lI will nonr proceed to describe its construction.

Figure 1 of the drawings represents, in elevation,la back view of a case` or box containing my improvements, the back of the case l l being removedthe better to display the mechanism. Fig. 2 is a plan view, the top of the case andthe top plate which supports the rods for the coiled springs being removed; Fig. 3, the fusee; Fig. 4, the Winding-drum; Figs. 5 and 6, diagrams serving to illustrate, by Way of comparison and contrast, the principles upon which the fusee .and the dlrum,

shown respectively iii Figs. 3 and 4, are constructed, in order to produceV an equalization or' tbe spring-power; Fig. 7, a plan and a side view of one of my improved slides and its pulley. Fig. 8, the spring-pawl and ratchet on the winding-drum shaft; and Fig. 9, leverbrake or stop-motion 5 Fig. 10, a modified arrangement of the slides and cords.

A represents a frame or caseto receive or support the mechanism; B, the several series of pairs of coiled springs arranged in parallel rows side by side across the case, and not in continuous line lengthwise of the;case,'

as in my former invention above named. This arrangement enables me Within the same allotted space to employ more springs, and to `double and treble, 85e., their number, if desired, by adding a little to the Width ot' the case Without increasing its length, the cord for the springsbeing by means of a pulley, b,

guided vcrosswise of the case to lead it from one cross-row or series of springs to another,

and so on, for any nuniber or roWs desired.` y

G is the barrel on which the cord c from the springs is Wound when Winding up the Works y to compress the series of springs and store upthe power; D, the cone fusee; E, the Windingf drum, Whose cord c connects'with the fusee; F, a gear on the barrel-shaft G, and which engages with a gear, H, on the fasce-shaft I, and imparts motion thereto, and thence by the cord e to the Winding-drum E, this cord having its ends 4secured respectively to the fusee 'and to the drum.

y Onthe shaft ot' drum E is a large gear, L, Whichengages With a pinion, M, on an intermediate sha-i't, N, thelarge gear O on which engages With a pinion, P, on the shaft Q, on Whoseouter end is a Wheel, R, from which motion may be imparted by a belt or otherwise directly to the sewing or other machine. y Sis a spring-lever brake, one end of which `bears. by force of the `sprin g s on the shaft `of Wheel Pt for the purpose of arresting the motion of the machine, `excepting when released at the will of the operator.

lever, having a geared or toothed eccentric, u,` a spring, c, and `a lateral arm or pin, fw, its gear being kept out of engagement With the T is a lcckingL teeth of the barrel-gear F, when the apparatus is in operative condition, by reason of the cord @bearingv upon the arm w; but if this ,'Cord should breakftlle spring e instantly throws its teeth u into engagement with F, and locks themechanism against further movement or ruiming down, thus serving as an eective automatic stopmotion. The winding-drum E is free to revolve on its axis in one direction; but. a spring-pawl, x x, and

ratchet y prevent its revolution in the other direction. Z are the pulley-slides, provided not only with bearings at their outer ends, and through which the rods-ot', which support the- Y springs, are passed, but also with other bearings, b b', atl their inner ends, formed by bending outward the tops of the uprights in whichthe pulleys are journaled, as shown, and liiaking4 in each of such (uprightso c a con- -cave or halfsocket to serve asl a bearing on the twosprings of each set or pair. The slides or platesZ are thus sustained both at top and bottom, and remain under all conditions in their proper andtrue positions, and any variationfin the strength of the two springs forming a pair, or any other cause, cannot under this construction tip or tilt the slide so as to make it bind and create friction on the rods in their ascent or descent; but on the contrai-y,l both sides of the plate must move in unison. v

l' will now describe the cone fusee D and the winding-drum E, and the rule and principle ,upon which I construct them, referring more particularly to Figs. 3 and 4, and the diagrams, Figs. 5 and 6, the latter serving by wayof clearer explanation. Assuming that the springs would require a weight of four .hundred pounds tocompress them, two hundred pounds would compress them just half ,the distance, andat that point one-half the power ofthe springs Would have been attained.

. l\Tow` letting diagram 5 represent a conepulley of the same diameter at its base as thev cone-pulley-D, a'ndu with the same length of axis, but tapering to a point, and letting the diagramr represent a parallel-.sided drum whos'eldiameter is just half that ofthebase of thecone shown inthe diagram y5, and desiringfto,V start lat ,av power of two. hundred pounds (or the mean power) at the point d', or

apex ofthe cone', we would commence to Wind at point or beginningof the groove ofthe cone tip,

which isrthe two-hundredthpart ofthe radiusy of the parallel winding-drum, and,`Windin-g uponA it from theeone, would'lind that when wellad made two revolutions of the parallel drumntheconefwould have made four `revolutions, oronefhalfthe Whole number allotted to it', it and theparallel drum both being constructedforeight revolutions` corresponding with those marked from l to 8 in Figs. 3 and y 4,.,svo that the cord would sta-nd indiagram at Athef'secondt revolution .i. e., at one-fourth of Vfthe Whole number-fand at. diagram 5 at thel fourth revolution, or one-halfof the Whole numberlofalloted revolutions,5 and at. that point (which is the mean diameter of the cone) the cord will have reached the .same diameterron this cone as is equal to the diameter of the parallel drum. Hence the power at these two points on both the cone and drum are now equal to each other. By this we see that', the power starting at the apex or tip, and so on to l, 2, 3, 4;, 5, 6, 7, 8, v9,5m., up to 200, (if desired,) we have only one-fourth of the power or whole capacity of the springs when entirely compressed, the first half performing onequarter, and the last or strong half performing the three-quarters.

It must be borne in mind that each revolution of thecone fusee, whether made by winding the cord from the small end or from the large end, takes up the same amount of cord from the spring cord, or compresses the springs an equal distance, as each revolution of the cone fusee turns the barrel on which the cord is Wound or taken up from the springs an equal distance according -to `the length of the cord required to compress the springs, and the number of revolutions desired-for instance, if a series of springs were used'requiring the taking up of twelve feet of cord to compress them, and it were desired to take it up by four revolutions, a barrel would be required that would take up three feet at each revolution. have the cone fusee make eight revolutions, it would he requisite to have a gear on this fusee that would turn the barrel (on which the spring-cord winds) just one-halt' a revolution; and, in such case, it is apparent that at each revolution of the cone fusee there would be eighteen inches of spring-cord taken up. Not

so, however, with regard to thewinding-drum, l

which winds the cord off from the cone fusee; because, as the first turn of the parallel drum takes up considerably more than any other turn, the rst and second revolutions of this drum compressing the springs one-half the distance-that is, two being one-quarter the whole num berot revolutions required to windand so on, each revolution takes less of the spring-cord, the last revolution ofthe parallel,v drum would revolve the cone a half revolution,

and the fusee would revolve they barrel a quarter revolution only, taking upbut nine .(9) inches of the cord connected with the 1 springs. But as it is impracticable, if not impossible, to employ a cone fusee tapering to an absolute point or apex, inasmuch as it reqnires a shaft passing through its axis, its

taper end must be enlarged, and this enlarge-Y ment, ofcourse, changes the circumferencethroughout, except at the base or largest diameter .r the axis or length remaining, of

course, the same, and the smaller end'receiving the maximum of this increase, as will be seen by referring to Fig. 3.

, I now ascertain the mean diameters of this truncated-cone l'usee (see Fig. 3) by addingy togetherfthe diameters. of the large and small ends, and dividing their sum by two, which` givestheequalization of this fusee, it being) And if, now, itwere desired toy at thatfpoint'or power 'half woundup. "At that power the cord would stand at revolution four, (4,)fthe revolutions l, 2, and 4 of the fusee being unwound, the cordf remaining and to be yet unwound on revolutions 5, 6, 7, and 8` by i the remaining six revolutions of the drum E, two revolutions `having been used to wind the first tourirevolutionsof the `cone fusee. As the fusee is not enlarged at ww by the enlargement at its smaller end, I retain the same diameter of the winding-drum at its end y* y. .'Io ascertain the` increase ot' the length of cord required by the enlargement of the first halt' ot' the revolutions, commencing at the starting point t I measure up to 4. `L then enlarge the windingLdrum E at its end, so thattherst quarter ot' `the whole revolutions will take up the first half of the revolutions of thel fusee. The cord would then stand on E at Fig. 2, and onthe fusee D Aat Fig. 4, at which points the two diameters are equal, the drum Etapering thence down to y y', as shown, and I thus produce the same result as in the supposititious oase of Vthe parallel drum and the pointed cone fusee above described.

Itwill be observed that when the springs have expanded and taken up the cord the barrel() and the drum E are unwound, the

` vcord having been taken up bythe fusee D,

and as we turn the drum E it takes up the cord from-the fnsce, causing itito revolve, and as the fusee revolves `it causes the barrel C to revolve by means of'the gear H on the insee-shaft acting in connection with the gear F on the barrel-shaft, thereby taking up the y cord and compressing' the springs; and vice versa as the springs expand. y

The following rule may be given as a guide for making' the fusee and the winding-drum: y Make the smaller end of the fusee as small as` Aconvenience will allow, as it will then require less enlargement of the drum. l Have the taper regular fron one end to the other. Have the grooves av regulardistance apart, so as to give uniform increase of leverage as we run from the smaller to the larger end, and the fusee is complete.

To make the winding-drum E, I take the radius of the large end of the fusee D as the measure 'of the diameter of they smaller end of the drum, and, starting at that point, I number to the dividing-line ot' three-quarters (a2) of the revolutions, and at this lastnamed line or point I enlarge the diameter up to the mean diameter of` the fusee, and this gives a gradual taper, as seen in the ligure, from that ,point back to the startingpoint or small end. I .next ascertain the length of cord taken up by the tirst half of the revolutions, commencing at the small end `oi' the fusee, and then lcommence to enlarge the drum gradually, but

more abruptly than the taper from the smaller end, from the three-fourths line .or revolution above named, making this enlargement such in size that the remaining one-fourth of the required revolutions shall take up a length 'of cordlequal to the irst half of the revolutions of the fuseeD, this enlarged end ordrum E acting in conjunction with the small end of` fusee D, and vice versa when thetwo are in practical operation. By this rule the drum` performs the same number of revolutions asI the fusee.

If it be desired to increase'the number of revolutions of a drum-say, for instance, to reeA4 volve the i'useeeight times and the drum-sixteen` (16) times- I should inthat case take onehalf the radiusof the large end of` the fusee` for the diameter ot1 the smallendof the wind'- quarters, numbering from the small end up toirevolution; twelve,` (12,) *that being three; quartersof the whole number of revolutions;

and thenV from that point I proceed, as lheretof fore described, to enlarge the drum gradually, so that its remaining four revolutions (being one-fourth of the whole) shall take up the cord on the fusee to No. 4 of its revolutions-for, in other words, to one-half of its whole number-and this will, as in the other case, give a regular, uniform, or equalized power, but with double `the time at the expense of half the power.

It will be evident that the power may be made the strongest atthe weak end of the spring, if desired, by enlarging the `large end of the winding-drum, so as to wind or take up more cord, and by reducing proportionately the remainder of the drum.

The fusee and drum may be proportioned so as to increase speed at the expense of power, or to increase power at the expense of speed, the same as in other gearing. p

For the purpose of indicating when the spring-power is fully wound up, and to prevent overwinding, a pin, e', attached toY one of the' pulley-slides, (see Fig. 1,) is made long enough to project through Va vertical slot inthe back of the case, any appropriate mark indicating to the eye the point beyond which the pin should not be allowed to rise. This slot it is not necessary to illustrate.

. The winding-drum may be shaped so that the power would be strongest at any point desired, at either end, or in the middle, by making its enlarged diameter or diminishing its `diameter at such desired point, so as to have a partially equalizedpower.

`Fig. 10 shows a modification in the arrangement of the sprin gs, cords, and slides, the short cords 2 passing downdirectly from the slides `3 to a common barrel or shaft, l, the gearon 3 this shaft being represented at 4, and the rows ot'pairs or sets of springs at 5. By this arrangement a single long cord need not be used, but, instead,.a series of shorter ones, one for each pair ot' springs. I thus obtain the combined power of the whole ot' the springs, and have a length for each cord equal to what each pairof springs can take up. The aggregate power of all is thus stored up on one shaft, and I gear up for the required speed from that shaft; or a single slide or plate may be employed to compress allfthe springsused, and one or more cords extending from such plate `to the shaft. v

I, claim- 1. The Winding-drum E, constructed as described, and operating in conjunction with the Lfusee to equalize spring-power. 2. The combination, with the drum E and fusee D, of the barrel O, forWinding the springcom pressing cord.

1- 3. The combination, with a spring-power ysubstantially such as described, of a powerequaliz ing mechanism, substantially as shown I and described. A

' `4. The described compact arrangement of the several series of sets of springs in rows parallel-with each other, the spring-compress- Aing cord being guided in one direction across one row, and in the opposite direction acrossl its next adjacent row.

5. In combination with the gear-wheel F on the barrel-shaft,.the eccen trically-geared locking-lever T, adapted to be held out of engagement with the Wheel by the insee-cord, and to, 

